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Select the correct statement w.r.t. catalytic converters

KINGDOM FUNGI
NEET
1

It can remove over 99 percent particulate matter present in the exhaust from a thermal power plant

2

Can be used in the vehicles to remove poisonous gases like CO

3

It has electrode wires that are maintained at several thousand volts, which produce a corona that releases electrons

4

Vehicles fitted with these should use leaded petrol

Solution:

Catalytic converters are devices used in vehicles to reduce the toxicity of emissions. They convert poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) into carbon dioxide (CO₂), unburnt hydrocarbons into carbon dioxide and water, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) into nitrogen gas. Option (1) describes electrostatic precipitators, used for particulate matter removal, often in power plants. Option (3) also describes electrostatic precipitation. Option (4) is incorrect because lead in petrol inactivates the catalysts (platinum, palladium, rhodium) used in catalytic converters; therefore, vehicles with catalytic converters must use unleaded petrol. Option (2) accurately describes a function of catalytic converters in vehicles.

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